本篇为第12篇笔记：形容词。
一、经典例句
1.1 限定用法
1. The old man lives in a small village.
2. His elder brother is a famous musician.
3. I want to drink something cold.
4. Is there anything interesting in today's paper?
5. I don't like riding on trains full of people.
6. He tried to climb the fence two meters high.
7. He is a boy five years old.
=> He is a five-year-old boy.
1.2 叙述用法
8. Sea water tastes salty.
9. The rainbow is very beautiful.
10. You'll find the book difficult.
11. I left the windows open.
=> I let the windows be opened.
12. This is a wooden house.
=> This house is made of wood.
13. He is a mere child.
14. I'm afraid of dogs.
15. The baby is still asleep.
16. I met a certain lady.
17. It is quite certain.
18. He is my present assistant.
19. He is present today.
20. The late Smith was an able man.
21. He was late for the meeting.
22. She gave me a fond look.
23. I am very fond of ice cream.
1.3 形容词的顺序
24. Come to see my ten cute small young white Dutch rabbits.
25. He made these two little new wooden tables.
1.4 特别注意的形容词用法
26. It is necessary for you to see a doctor.
27. Is it possible for you to attend the meeting?
28. We are excited about the baseball game.
29. I am sorry for hearing the news.
30. The rich are not always happy.
31. We search for the true, the good and the beautiful.
32. It is burning hot.
33. It is freezing cold.
34. They were dead asleep.
1.5 数量形容词
35. Do you have many books in your study?
36. They've spent much money on advertising.
37. This garden doesn't have many trees.
38. My son hasn't made much money.
39. Many of students were absent.
40. There were a lot of people in the shop.
=> There were lots of people in the shop.
=> There were plenty of people in the shop.
41. She ate a lot of ice cream.
=> She ate lots of ice cream.
=> She ate plenty of ice cream.
42. There are a few vegetables in the refrigerator.
43. Few people were injured in the accident.
44. Few can understand this poem.
45. I have a little money with me.
46. We need little butter to make this cake.
47. The little of his work that remains should be done within today.
48. There were not many people in the park.
=> There were hardly any people in the park.
49. There is not much danger of an earthquake.
=> There is hardly any danger of an earthquake.
50. Some students take lessons in Spanish.
51. Won't you have some more tea?
52. Do you have any questions?
-> Yes, I have some questions.
-> No, I don't have any questions.
53. There aren't any letter for you.
54. You may come any time.
55. Ask him if you have any doubt.
56. I have no brothers.
=> I don't have any brothers.
57. There is no water in the glass.
=> There is not any water in the glass.
58. There are a great number of books in this library.
59. A good many books have been published.
60. She spent a good deal of time (in) shopping.
61. Not a few students come to school by bicycle.
62. Not a little money was wasted.
63. Quite a few people have lost their own houses.
64. We had quite a little snow last winter.
65. There are only a few houses in my neighborhood.
66. She takes only a little coffee for breakfast.
1.6 数词
67. The children went away by twos and threes.
68. He was born in the nineteen-thirties.
69. We are planning to employ a woman in her twenties.
70. I am at one with you on that point.
71. He is principal, teacher, clerk, all in one.
72. Dozens of people were injured in the accident.
73. Tens of thousands of people were killed in the earthquake.
74. Five plus two equals seven.
=> Five and two is seven.
75. Five minus two equals three.
=> Two from five is three.
=> Two out of five is three.
76. Five multiplied by two equals ten.
=> Five times two is ten.
77. Ten divided by two equals five.
=> Two into ten goes five times.
78. Three squared is nine.
=> The square of three is nine.
79. Two cubed is eight.
=> The cube of two is eight.
80. The square root of four is two.
81. The cube root of eight is two.
二、知识点回顾（对应例句编号）
2.1 限定用法
修饰名词或代名词性质、状态等，称为形容词。其在使用上，又可分为限定用法及叙述用法。
限定用法{
形容词 + 名词
名词 + 形容词
复合形容词 + 名词
}
只能用限定用法的形容词：
only
mere
main
wooden
upper
inner
live/living
daily
lone
2.2 叙述用法
叙述用法{
主词补语
受词补语
}
只能用叙述用法的形容词：
alive
alone
afraid
asleep
awake
well
content
glad
aware
2.3 形容词的顺序
形容词的顺序{
冠词 + 数量形容词 + 性状形容词（主观的判断） + 形容词化的名词 + 名词
代名词 + 。。。 + 名词
}
主观的判断：大小、形状、状态、新旧、颜色、材料。
2.4 特别注意的形容词用法
1）不能以人为主词的形容词：
dangerous
difficult
bard
easy
useful
useless
tough
convenient
important
necessary
regrettable
natural
possible
2）以人为主词的形容词：
angry
ashamed
delighted
disappointed
excited
glad
happy
proud
sorry
thankful
3）the + 形容词 => 名词
the rich
the true
the good
the beautiful
4) 形容词的副词用法
burning hot
freezing cold
dead asleep
2.5 数量形容词
数量形容词{
many, much
a lot of, lots of, plenty of
a few, few
some, not many
a little, little
some, not much
some, any
no
a great number of, a large number of, a good many, a great many
a good deal of, a great deal of, a great quantity of
not a few, not a little
quite a few, quite a little
only a few, only a little
}
2.6 数词
数词{
基数和序数：表示一定数量的字称为基数。如：one，two，three...;而表示顺序的字称为序数，如：first，second，third...，通常在序数前通常都加定冠词the。
数的读法：整数、日期、年号、电话号码、小数、分数、算式、其他
含数词的惯用表现
复合形容词有下列五类{
1)形容词-「连缀动词之现在分词
及物动词之过去分词」
a good-looking man 一位帅哥
a white-painted wall 一道漆成白色的墙
2)名词-「现在分词
过去分词」
a hand-made cake 手工制的蛋糕
a peace-loving people 一个爱好和平的民族
3)副词-「现在分词
过去分词」
a rapidly-moving tornado 一个迅速移动的龙卷风
a well-behaved boy 一个行为端正的男孩
4)名词/形容词 - 名词ed
a gray-haired old man 灰发老人
an open-minded leader 心胸开阔的领导人
5)数词-名词ed
a two-headed monster 一只两头的怪物
a three-legged table 一张三脚书桌
}
}
三、例句中文翻译（参考）
3.1 限定用法
-
那老人住在一个小村庄里。
-
他哥哥是有名的音乐家。
-
我想喝冷饮。
-
今天的报纸上有任何有趣的东西吗？
-
我不喜欢搭乘拥挤的火车。
-
他设法爬上那两公尺高的围墙。
-
他是个五岁大的男孩。
3.2 叙述用法
-
海水尝起来咸咸的。
-
彩虹很美。
-
你会发现这本书很难。
-
我让窗户开着。
-
这是栋木造房屋。
-
他不过是个孩子。
-
我怕狗。
-
那宝宝仍在睡。
-
我遇见某一位女士。
-
这件事相当确定。
-
他目前是我的助手。
-
他今天有出席。
-
已故的Smith先生是个有能力的人。
-
他开会迟到。
-
她用和气的眼光看了我一下。
-
我非常喜欢冰淇凌。
3.3 形容词的顺序
-
来看我那十只可爱小巧年幼的白色荷兰兔。
-
他做了这两张小巧新的木头桌子。
3.4 特别注意的形容词用法
-
你有必要去看医生。
-
你有可能参加那个会议吗？
-
那场棒球赛令我们兴奋。
-
听到这消息真令人遗憾。
-
有钱人并非总是快乐的。
-
我们追求真、善、美。
-
天气热的要命。
-
天气冻的要命。
-
他们睡的很熟。
3.5 数量形容词
-
在你的书房里有很多书吗？
-
他们在广告上花许多钱。
-
庭院里树木不太多。
-
我儿子没赚多少钱。
-
许多学生缺席。
-
店里有许多人。
-
她吃了许多冰淇凌。
-
冰箱里有些蔬菜。
-
这次意外很少人受伤。
-
少有人能了解这首诗。
-
我身上带了些钱。
-
我们做这个蛋糕几乎不需要奶油。
-
他所剩的一点工作必须在今天之内做完。
-
公园里几乎没有人。
-
地震没什么危险。
-
有些学生选修西班牙文。
-
你要再来些茶吗？
-
你有任何问题吗？-> 是的，我有一些问题。/不，我没有任何问题。
-
没有任何信是给你的。
-
你任何时间都可以来。
-
如果有任何疑问就问他。
-
我没有兄弟。
-
玻璃杯中没有水。
-
这图书馆里有大量的书籍。
-
已有大量书籍出版了。
-
她花了相当多的时间逛街购物。
-
不少学生骑脚踏车来上学。
-
浪费了不少钱。
-
不少人失去他们自己的家。
-
去年下了相当多的雪。
-
在我临近只有很少几栋房子。
-
她早餐只喝少许牛奶。
3.6 数词
-
孩子们三三两两的走了。
-
他出生于一九三零年代。
-
我们打算雇佣一位二十来岁的妇女。
-
在那点上，我意见和你一致。
-
他兼校长、老师、事务人员于一身。
-
好几十人在这次意外中受伤。
-
数以万计的人死于这次地震。
-
算式：5 + 2 = 7
-
算式：5 – 2 = 3
-
算式：5 * 2 = 10
-
算式：10 / 2 = 5
-
3的平方是9。
-
2的立方是8。
-
4的平方根是2。
-
8的立方根是2。
